M6A2 LTABC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

M6A2 LTABC - Essay Example Resistance to change is tridimensional in nature, encompassing cognitive, behavioral, and affective human components or attitudes that inhibit the change process (Hammer, 2006). Examples of Resistance to Change in an Organization The organization under study has experienced regular resistance to changes that border on employees’ intrinsic rewards. The organization had proposed changes that would result in redefining of the employees’ tasks and alter their current job positions. According to the resisting employees, any attempt to transfer employees to less interesting, less challenging and less autonomous employment positions would lead to negative change evaluation and erroneous evaluation on employee performances. Cognitively, a decrease in challenges and autonomy would also lead to negative emotional response. According to opposing employees, individual well-being is to some extent influenced by an organization’s ability to satisfy individual intrinsic needs i ncluding self-determination and autonomy (Brown, 2005). Example two Changes in prestige and powers have as well encountered consistent resistance from employees who feel less rewarded in the process. In the organization under study, the power and prestige changes proposed the alteration in power allocation where some people were to be assigned some influential positions while others were expected to be downgraded. Some leadership positions were also projected to get more privileges than others. According to employees, the power organization changes as well as political ramifications were the major causes for negative evaluation of individual performances. Additionally, power relegation was equated to negative impacts on individual’s behavior (Brown, 2005). Comparison of the Two Examples against the Theory on Resistance to Change In his Life Space Theory, Lewin evaluated the interaction between the environment and individual needs. According to his theory, people try to mainta in a balance between their needs and the environment. When this balance is compromised or disturbed, stress is developed and individuals are forced to restore the balance (Schultz & Schultz, 2004). In example one, an attempt to redefine the position destabilized the employees balance with their environment, leading to resistance. In example two, an attempt to deny people their coveted powers and prestige created stresses that required immediate action to restore normalcy with the environment. Additionally, Lewin observed organizational changes as based on three main steps. The initial step is unfreezing step where employees are trained to understand the need for organizational change. Secondly, employees need to undergo a work change training program based on a structured plan (Williams, 2006). The final step is refreezing, which involves the institutionalization of the new behaviors and structures. In the two examples, the organization management did not follow the required steps a s stipulated by Lewin’s theory, advancing change resistance Happenings in the Organization under Study The organization under study does not entirely understand the procedure required in

Health Care Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Health Care - Research Paper Example Because of this, some hospitals have resulted in using patients’ demographic data. Robertson, J & Pettypiece, S. (2014). Hospitals are mining patients’ credit card data to predict who will get sick. Retrieved from The healthcare sector is made up of different industries including the pharmaceutical industry, hospitals and health insurers. Investors can invest in individual industries or the entire sector. The aim of the report is therefore to analyze investment in these industries. The paper examined whether drug studies which are funded by pharmaceutical companies are manipulated to favor them. According to Lexchin et al., (2003), there is enough reasons to believe that most drug research which are funded by pharmaceutical companies favor them. Most of the companies which carry out the research would not like the pharmaceutical companies to have a bad reputation especially when there are other rug companies which are producing the same medicine as these would lead the financier to make big losses. Study was done on Medline and Embase publications from January, 1966 to December, 2002 and January, 1980 to December, 2002 respectively. The only journal which were included were those which compared the quality of research outcomes of studies sponsored by Pharmaceutical companies and those sponsored by other sources (Lexchin et al., 2003).The authors found 30 articles which met their requirement. The following results were found. Out of the 30 publications, 26 reported the relationship between the source of income and the outcome. While, 6 articles investigated the effects on publication, 5 articles examined the result of the pharma economic studies and finally 13 determined the relationship between the methodological quality and source of